Inside the stunning Austrian National Library in Vienna
Image credits: Haus of Hiatus
A recent trip to Vienna gave an opportunity to visit the incredible Austrian National Library (Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, ÖNB), the largest and most significant library in Austria, renowned as one of the world’s premier research libraries!
From our research, it dates back to 1368 when it was established as the Imperial Court Library by the Habsburgs, initially serving as the private collection of the ruling dynasty and housed in the Hofburg Palace. Over the centuries, the library's collection expanded significantly, particularly during the reigns of Emperor Charles VI and his daughter Maria Theresa in the 18th century. Reflecting the Enlightenment ideals of the time, the library was eventually opened to the public. After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1920, it was renamed the Austrian National Library.
The library is architecturally distinguished, particularly for its stunning Baroque State Hall, known as the Prunksaal, completed in the 1730s.
This hall, about 80 metres long and 20 metres high, is renowned for its majestic dome and breathtaking frescoes by court painter Daniel Gran. It houses over 200,000 volumes, including many rare and valuable books. The library is situated within the iconic Hofburg Palace complex, with its modern sections expanding into adjacent buildings, though the historical core remains a major attraction.
The Austrian National Library’s collection is vast, comprising over 12 million items, ranging from medieval manuscripts to contemporary publications. It is home to important historical documents, rare books, maps, and globes. Special collections, such as the Papyrus Collection—one of the largest globally—the Map Collection, the Music Collection, and the Globe Museum, further enhance its reputation. In recent years, the library has also developed extensive digital resources, making many of its collections accessible online.
As a major centre for academic research in Austria, the library supports scholars worldwide and collaborates with international institutions on various cultural and research projects. It also hosts exhibitions, lectures, and cultural events, showcasing its rich collections and role in Austrian history. Open to the public, the library is a popular tourist destination, particularly the State Hall. Guided tours offer insights into its history and collections, while researchers can access materials in several reading rooms.
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